How Drupal knows what is the current language on your page.
There's a lot of ways of how drupal can recognise the current language. In fact you choose one when configuring the languages that are going to be on Drupal. But I really recommend using the URL method. This work as follow. Suppose you have a domain www.domain.com. When using URL for internationalization, your webpage in spanish are going to be on www.domain.com/es. So your node1 should be www.domain.com/es/node/1, in english it will be www.domain.com/en/node/2 (node2 because that's your translated module). There are other ways like having a global variable, but it will mess up your SEO, because google really hates having the same URL with different content (ok, its the same content but in a different language).
Translating Content
For translating content, you have to install the i18n module. When installed, a new tab called translate will appear when editing your node. The way you translate a content is creating a new node that is related to the original node.
Translating WebForms
This will be the same as content. You create a clon of the original webform and relate it to the original.
Translating Blocks
You are going to need to activate the block Language Module. Works the same as Content.
Translating things in Views
So, lets say you create your awesome view and have put some global text button, or put a main title on it. the way you have to translate that is using the Content Translation module that comes with core of Drupal. After that you have to search for the string you want to translate, include the HTML if your title or global text have that, or else it will not appear in your search list. But!, and this is a very big but, when translating string, make sure youre currently on the language the translate string is. For example is you create a title in Spanish, let's say "Hola Mundo" (yes with the span tags to separe Hola from Mundo), you have to search that string using the admin in spanish, like www.domain.com/es/admin/translateblahblah or else your string will appear in the wrong language.
Menus and URL
This is the last thing you want to translate. For me its easy to create a new menu item in a different language. And why do it last? Because the URL of your content will exist only after your content is created.
So, what thing's cannot be done easily?
My only problem right now is looking for a way to translate the URL of a View in Page form. If you know, please tell me in the comment. Good luck!
